Water Snake
Nerodia sipedon
A heavy-bodied, aquatic colubrid frequently mistaken for cottonmouths.
- Adult length
- 0.6-1.4 m (2-4.5 ft)
- Range
- Eastern and central North America
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Overview
The common water snake is a widespread species found in and around freshwater habitats throughout eastern North America. It is often confused with water moccasins due to its similar habitat.
When cornered, it flattens its body and strikes repeatedly.
How to identify it
- Heavy body with brown, gray, or reddish banding that darkens with age
- Older individuals may appear nearly solid dark brown or black
- Round pupils and no heat-sensing pits
- Keeled scales
- Bands often blotchy and irregular, more distinct near the head
Habitat & range
Lives in ponds, lakes, streams, marshes, and rivers across its range. Common in both rural and suburban wetland areas at low to moderate elevations.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Active during the day and at dusk, often basking on branches or rocks near water. Feeds on fish and amphibians. Gives live birth. Known for vigorous displays including musking.
Frequently asked questions
How is it different from a cottonmouth?
Water snakes have round pupils, no heat pits, and swim with their body low in the water rather than floating high.
What does it eat?
Primarily fish and amphibians such as frogs and tadpoles.
Where is it found?
Throughout eastern and central North America near freshwater habitats.
Water Snake guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Water Snake.
