Common Death Adder
Acanthophis antarcticus
A short, thick-bodied ambush-predator elapid that mimics a viper in body shape and hunting style, using a worm-like tail lure to attract prey.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 0.5-1.0 m (1.6-3.3 ft)
- Range
- Eastern and southern Australia
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Overview
The Common Death Adder is a highly distinctive Australian elapid that, despite its name and viper-like appearance, is a true member of the cobra family (Elapidae). It is renowned for its ambush hunting strategy, remaining motionless for long periods while using its thin tail tip as a lure.
It is considered one of the most venomous snakes in Australia by potency, though its sedentary nature reduces the frequency of human encounters compared to more active species.
How to identify it
- Short, stocky body with a broad, triangular, viper-like head
- Coloration ranges from gray, brown, or reddish with irregular crossbands
- Rough-textured, keeled scales unlike most smooth-scaled elapids
- Notably has vertical, cat-like pupils, unusual among Australian elapids
- Thin, worm-like tail tip used for luring prey, a key distinguishing behavioral trait
Habitat & range
Found in forests, heathland, and woodland leaf litter across eastern and southern Australia, often buried or partially hidden under debris.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Highly sedentary ambush predator, remaining coiled and camouflaged for extended periods while waving its tail tip to lure prey such as lizards, birds, and small mammals. Strikes with remarkable speed. Gives birth to live young rather than laying eggs.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Common Death Adder venomous?
Yes, it is highly venomous and considered medically significant in Australia.
Why does it look like a viper?
It has convergently evolved a viper-like body shape and ambush strategy despite being a true elapid.
How does it catch prey?
It lies motionless and wiggles its thin tail tip like a worm to lure prey within striking range.
Does it lay eggs?
No, it gives birth to live young.
Common Death Adder guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Common Death Adder.
