Copperhead

The copperhead is one of the most frequently encountered venomous snakes in the eastern United States, largely because its camouflage allows it to blend seamlessly into leaf litter rather than flee. It is a member of the pit viper family and shares many traits with its relative, the cottonmouth.

Despite its relatively common bites to humans, copperhead venom is considered comparatively mild among North American pit vipers.

• Coppery-tan to pinkish-brown body with darker hourglass-shaped crossbands
• Bands are narrower along the spine and wider on the sides, forming a distinctive saddle pattern
• Triangular head, vertical pupils, and heat-sensing facial pits
• Juveniles have a bright sulfur-yellow tail tip used to lure prey
• Distinguished from similarly patterned nonvenomous snakes by the pit organ and blocky head shape

Inhabits deciduous forests, rocky hillsides, mixed woodlands, and forest edges, often near streams or rock outcrops. Also found in suburban areas adjacent to wooded habitat. Ranges from the northeastern US through the Midwest and south to Texas and northern Mexico border areas.

Mostly active at dusk and night in hot weather, more diurnal in spring and fall. Relies heavily on camouflage rather than fleeing when approached. Feeds on rodents, insects (especially cicadas), amphibians, and small reptiles. Females give birth to live young.