Fer-de-lance
Bothrops asper
A large, fast-moving, and medically significant pit viper responsible for the majority of snakebite incidents across much of its Central American range.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 1.2-2 m (4-6.5 ft)
- Range
- Central America and northern South America
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Overview
The fer-de-lance, also widely known by its Spanish name terciopelo, is considered one of the most medically important venomous snakes in the Americas due to its abundance, adaptability, and willingness to inhabit areas close to human settlement. It is responsible for the large majority of serious snakebite cases in much of Central America.
Unlike many vipers that rely purely on camouflage and stillness, the fer-de-lance can be alert and quick to react when disturbed, contributing to its reputation as a dangerous species to encounter.
How to identify it
- Grayish-brown, tan, or olive body with dark, pale-edged triangular or diamond-shaped blotches along the sides
- Triangular head distinct from a narrower neck, with vertical pupils
- Light-colored stripe often running from eye to jaw
- Rough, keeled scales
- Distinguished from other lanceheads by size, pattern detail, and geographic range
Habitat & range
Highly adaptable, found in tropical lowland forests, agricultural land, plantations, and forest edges from southern Mexico through Central America into northwestern South America. Often found near human habitation due to rodent prey abundance.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Primarily nocturnal, though may be active during the day in shaded, humid areas. An active hunter that also ambushes prey, feeding on rodents, birds, and amphibians. Live-bearing, with females producing large litters of young.
Frequently asked questions
Why is the fer-de-lance considered dangerous?
Its abundance near human settlements, adaptability, and potent venom make it responsible for many snakebite incidents in its range.
What is another name for the fer-de-lance?
It is also widely known as the terciopelo.
Where does the fer-de-lance live?
From southern Mexico through Central America and into northwestern South America.
How can you identify a fer-de-lance?
Look for a tan to olive body with dark triangular blotches and a triangular head with vertical pupils.
Fer-de-lance guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Fer-de-lance.
Fer-de-lance identified by the community
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